Markdown notes tend not to support embedded Typst. Even with this, they still don't, but you can put Typst inside anyway.
You can simply embed an image:

...will become
the rendered Typst that you deserve.
Due to the limitations of URLs, you will have to alter some things:
https://typst.tudbut.de/lim_(a->0)(f(x_0+a)-f(x_0))/a=f'(x)